How to Diagnose Hemorrhoids and Anal Fistula?

The diagnosis of hemorrhoids and anal fistula can be conducted from three aspects: secretions, medical history, and characteristics.

1. Secretions: Hemorrhoids generally produce minimal secretions around the anus. When internal hemorrhoids protrude severely, secretions may be present, but they are mostly thin. In contrast, anal fistulas often produce purulent secretions, often accompanied by an odor.

2. Medical History: Both hemorrhoids and anal fistulas can cause swelling and pain in the anus. However, the swelling and pain of hemorrhoids are mostly caused by internal hemorrhoid incarceration or inflammatory external hemorrhoids, which can be relieved after manual reduction. Anal fistulas may present with a history of redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the anus, as well as perianal abscesses.

3. Characteristics: Hemorrhoids grow at the edge of the anus and are closely connected to it. In contrast, the external opening of an anal fistula is located a certain distance from the anal verge, and the fistula opening may appear bright red or have concave scars. Pressing on it may cause pus to flow out of the anus, and a cord-like structure can be felt extending from the fistula opening to the anus. Hemorrhoids and anal fistulas are common anal diseases. Patients with hemorrhoids or anal fistulas are advised to seek professional medical examination and treatment as soon as possible.